Variance Calculator

Use our free variance calculator to compute population or sample variance and standard deviation.

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Variance measures the spread of data points from the mean. Population variance divides by N; sample variance divides by n-1.

σ² = ∑(xᵢ - μ)² / N (population), s² = ∑(xᵢ - x̄)² / (n-1) (sample)

Percentage: The percentage value you want to apply

Number: The original number or value

Result: The calculated result

How It Works

1Enter numbers separated by commas.
2Choose population or sample.
3Click Calculate.

Examples

Population: 10, 20, 30, 40, 50

1.Mean=30
2.Sq diffs: 400, 100, 0, 100, 400
3.Sum=1000, N=5, Var=200
4.StdDev≈14.142

Result: 200.000000

Sample: 10, 20, 30, 40, 50

1.Mean=30
2.Sq diffs: 400, 100, 0, 100, 400
3.Sum=1000, n-1=4, Var=250
4.StdDev≈15.811

Result: 250.000000

Frequently Asked Questions

The average of squared differences from the mean.

Population uses N, sample uses n-1 (Bessel's correction).

The square root of variance, in the same units as the data.

Bessel's correction gives an unbiased estimate of population variance.

No, variance is always non-negative.

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CalculateMe Team

Last updated: 2026-07-14

Variance Calculator

Formula

How It Works

Examples

Population: 10, 20, 30, 40, 50

Sample: 10, 20, 30, 40, 50

Frequently Asked Questions

What is variance?

Population vs sample?

What is standard deviation?

Why n-1 for sample?

Variance negative?

Related Calculators

Variance Calculator

Formula

How It Works

Examples

Population: 10, 20, 30, 40, 50

Sample: 10, 20, 30, 40, 50

Frequently Asked Questions

What is variance?

Population vs sample?

What is standard deviation?

Why n-1 for sample?

Variance negative?

Related Calculators